Control flow constructs which do not modify the flow of the program, regardless of whether or not the branch is taken (e.g., an if statement with an empty body).
A. Vetro, L. Ardito, G. Procaccianti, M. Morisio, “Definition, Implementation and Validation of Energy Code Smells: An Exploratory Study on an Embedded System”. ENERGY 2013, pp. 34-39.
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