This smell arises when an inheritance hierarchy is "excessively" deep.
Related smells: Too Deep Inheritance Hierarchy
The following set of tools detects this smell: Designite(for C#) DesigniteJava(for Java)
G. Suryanarayana, G. Samarthyam, T. Sharma, “Refactoring for Software Design Smells: Managing Technical Debt”. Morgan Kaufmann, 2014.